6. Sinus Augmentation Complications: Part-I Associated with Lateral Technique (Direct Approach): A Review

Maxillary sinus augmentation procedures using crestal or lateral approach are the predictable treatment modalities for placing the implant in atrophic maxillary posterior area. Like any other dental procedures there is always risk of encountering the intra or postsurgical complications. This review article illustrates the complication, prevention and management associated with the lateral (Direct) technique.

14. Sinus Augmentation Complications: Part-II Associated with Crestal Technique (Indirect Approach): A Review

Treatment of the posterior edentulous maxilla can be complicated by atrophy of the edentulous ridge or by an aging-related increase in the pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. The technique of sinus floor elevation has expanded the prosthetic rehabilitation options for this region through the placement of dental implants. However, this technique can be quite aggressive and often patients would prefer an option that stresses minimalism. A less invasive alternative to the lateral window approach for sinus elevation was introduced by Summers in 1994. This review article illustrates the complications associated with the crestal i.e. indirect sinus lift.

22. Histologic Analysis of the Outcomes of Split-Mouth Maxillary Sinus Augmentation with Allograft and Xenograft Grafting Mediums

A histomorphometric analysis determined presence of good regenerative results in both groups. Presence of vital bone in the specimens was observed on the average of 97% (by the area of examination). Structural composition of the specimens indicated that on average 45% of the area observed under the microscope was filled with newly formed bone. Clinical analysis of the pre augmentation and post-augmentation measurements established that in all augmented sites a consistent and statistically measurable increase of the bone structure was achieved.

34. Temperature Changes During Implant Osteotomies Utilizing Three Different Implant Systems: A Pilot Study

Bone overheating may lead to failure of dental implant osseointegration. The purpose of this study was to compare three different implant drill designs in order to evaluate the temperature changes over the osteotomy area. The highest temperature was found with D1 initial drills (65.0±6.90C). The lowest temperature was noted with D2 initial drills (47.3±2.90C). For the D1 system, the use of irrigation resulted in statistically significant lower maximum temperature by 8.70C. For the D2 system, irrigation was found to significantly decrease the average maximum temperature by 7.10C.